The Action of Adrenergic Agonists and Antagonists in the Present of Bupropion in the Vta Nucleus on Morphine Withdrawal Syndrome on Episodic Behaviors in Rats

Bupropion is a unique and non-nicotine smoke cessation agent, it using drugs under FDA approval despite its antidepressant effect. In the current study, we considered short-term interaction of bupropion, adrenoceptors proprietary agonists antagonists (phenylephrine, prazosin, clonidine yohimbine) in intra VTA injection on naloxone precipitated withdrawal symptoms. The guide cannulae were implanted into nuclei according to stereotaxic surgery sterile conditions. sham group was received saline as drug vehicle, but treated groups 2.5 mg/μl/min bupropion alone with doses phenylephrine (0.2 µg/µl/minute), prazosin (1 yohimbine (2 µg/µl/minute) 20 before bupropion. Dependent non-dependent control had surgery, they no intra-VTA injection. each treatment group, 8 rats used. Withdrawal signs by (1.2 mg/Kg, s.c.), observed continuously registered online minute. behaviors captured 3 digital cameras indifferent view (30 min) for offline analysis. Signs counted analyzed within between groups. results showed that can alter occurrence symptoms decrease more them. Adrenoceptor some This significant statistically comparison Occurrence extents have significance naive toward witness group. Results adrenergic system has role opioid dependence; also influences extent adrenoceptor's species difference accession diverse signs.